Christian
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Destiny Church (1998)

Brian Raymond Tamaki was born in 1958 in Te Awamutu, New Zealand, as the eldest of five children. He was raised in a rural environment on a family farm. His mother introduced him to Methodism, while he later described his father as largely absent due to alcoholism. Tamaki left secondary school at 15 and worked… Continue reading
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Juan Pablo Delgado (2000)

The Queen and Lady of All Creation is a Costa Rican religious organization founded in 2000 by Juan Pablo Delgado. Delgado, who was in his early twenties at the time the group gained public attention, claims to receive and transmit direct messages from the Virgin Mary. The organization became widely known for its apocalyptic predictions,… Continue reading
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Defenders of Christ (c. 2010)

Defensores de Cristo, or Defenders of Christ, was founded in the early 2010s in northern Mexico by Spanish citizen Ignacio Gonzalez de Arriba. The group initially presented itself not as a formal religious movement but as a center for “bio-programming.” This approach claimed to help participants “reprogram” their minds to address psychological distress, including pain,… Continue reading
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Deeper Christian Life Ministry (1973)

The Deeper Christian Life Ministry, also known as the Deeper Life Bible Church, is an international Pentecostal denomination headquartered in Gbagada, Nigeria. Its origins date to 1973, when William Folorunso Kumuyi, then a mathematics lecturer at the University of Lagos, began a Bible study group with 15 students. In 1975, while continuing to lead his… Continue reading
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Tyler Deaton (c. 2005)

Tyler Deaton rose to prominence as a religious leader whose prayer group later became the subject of a major criminal investigation in Kansas City, Missouri. He was born and raised in Texas and attended Calallen High School in Corpus Christi. Deaton enrolled at Southwestern University, a liberal arts college in Georgetown, Texas. While there, he… Continue reading
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John de Ruiter (c. 1990)

John de Ruiter is a Canadian spiritual leader and author who developed an international following through a blend of New Age spirituality and a personalized teaching style. He was born on November 11, 1959, in Stettler, Alberta, to Dutch immigrant parents and was raised in traditional Christian settings. His father worked as a shoemaker, and… Continue reading
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Chad and Lori Daybell (c. 2018)

Chad Daybell and Lori Norene Vallow Daybell were central figures in a criminal case involving multiple homicides, extremist religious beliefs, and apocalyptic ideology. Both were raised within the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS) and later became leaders of a small, insular group centered on end-times prophecies. Between 2019 and 2020, at least… Continue reading
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Dami Mission (1987)

The Dami Mission was an apocalyptic religious movement founded in South Korea in 1987 by former Presbyterian minister Lee Jang Rim. Officially registered as the World Peace and Unification Sanctuary, the group grew rapidly and eventually claimed about 20,000 followers. At its height, it operated more than 300 churches, with international branches in major U.S.… Continue reading
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Crystal Cathedral (1955)

Robert Schuller was an American televangelist, pastor, and author who founded Crystal Cathedral Ministries and hosted the long-running “Hour of Power” television program. He was born in 1926 in Iowa and earned a Master of Divinity degree from Western Theological Seminary in 1950. After completing his studies, he was ordained as a minister in the… Continue reading
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Crossroads Movement (1967)

The Crossroads Movement, later known as the International Churches of Christ (ICOC), emerged in 1967. Its origins lie in the 14th Street Church of Christ in Gainesville, Florida, which later adopted the name Crossroads Church of Christ. Under the leadership of minister Chuck Lucas, the congregation launched an evangelical outreach initiative known as “Campus Advance,”… Continue reading
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Creciendo en Gracia/José Luis de Jesús Miranda (1988)

José Luis de Jesús Miranda was born on April 22, 1946, in Ponce, Puerto Rico. He grew up in poverty and later said he became addicted to heroin by the age of 14. During his youth, he served multiple prison sentences for petty theft, which he attributed to his living conditions at the time. Miranda… Continue reading
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A Course in Miracles (1976)

A Course in Miracles (ACIM) is a spiritual self-study program rooted in a book by the same name. It combines Christian terminology with psychological and Vedantic concepts, presenting a system focused on forgiveness as a means of releasing guilt. The text teaches that the physical world is an illusion produced by the ego and that… Continue reading
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Conscious Development of Body, Mind and Soul (1974)

Conscious Development of Body, Mind and Soul was a Dallas-based new religious movement founded and led by Terri Lee Hoffman. Active primarily from the 1970s through the early 1990s, the organization combined elements of metaphysics, meditation, and occult belief systems. The group later attracted public scrutiny and law enforcement attention following a series of unexplained… Continue reading
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Concerned Christians (c. 1980)

The Concerned Christians was a religious organization founded in the early 1980s in Denver, Colorado, by Monte Kim Miller. The group was initially established as an anti-cult and anti–New Age activist organization. In its early phase, it worked with law enforcement agencies and established churches to raise awareness about mind control practices and what it… Continue reading
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Community Chapel and Bible Training Center (1967)

Community Chapel and Bible Training Center was an independent religious organization founded in 1967 in Burien, Washington. The church originated from a home Bible study led by Donald Lee Barnett, who had completed two years of education at a Pentecostal Bible college. The study began after Barnett’s wife, Barbara, met a Lutheran couple through her… Continue reading
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Colonia Dignidad (1961)

Colonia Dignidad was an isolated settlement established in 1961 in Chile’s Maule Region by German emigrants. It was officially registered as the Sociedad Benefactora y Educacional Dignidad (Charitable and Educational Society “Dignity”). Over time, the enclave became associated with extensive human rights violations, including child sexual abuse, forced labor, and the detention and torture of… Continue reading
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City Harvest Church (1989)

City Harvest Church is a Pentecostal megachurch based in Singapore that was founded in 1989 by Kong Hee and his wife Sun Ho, beginning with a group of 20 youths meeting at the Peace Centre. Initially known as “Ekklesia Ministry,” the group operated under the legal oversight of Bethany Christian Centre. It became an independent… Continue reading
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Church of Wells (2011)

The Church of Wells, originally known as the Church of Arlington or You Must Be Born Again (YMBBA) Ministries, is a religious community based in Wells, Texas. The group was founded in 2011 by Sean Morris and Ryan Ringnald, who met as roommates at Baylor University in 2004. A third leader, Jacob Gardner, also joined… Continue reading
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Church of the Last Testament (1991)

Sergei Anatolyevitch Torop was born on January 14, 1961, in Krasnodar, Russia. His family moved to Minusinsk in 1968. After completing his schooling, he served his compulsory military service in the Red Army, becoming a sergeant on construction sites in Mongolia. When he returned to Siberia, he worked as a factory metal worker and later… Continue reading
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Church of the Firstborn and the General Assembly of Heaven (1869)

The General Assembly and Church of the Firstborn, often shortened to the Church of the First Born, is a fundamentalist Christian sect with historical ties to the Latter-Day Saint (LDS) movement, though it maintains no present-day affiliation with Mormon fundamentalist groups that use similar “Firstborn” names. The group has also been referred to by older… Continue reading
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Church of the First Born of the Lamb of God (c. 1967)

The Church of the First Born of the Lamb of God, often shortened to the Church of the Lamb of God, was a Mormon offshoot founded by Ervil LeBaron in the late 1960s. Its origins trace to the broader Mormon fundamentalist movement, which sought to continue the practice of polygamy after the Church of Jesus… Continue reading
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Church of the Creator/TE-TA-MA Truth Foundation-Family of URI (1969)

The Church of the Creator is a small group headquartered in Ashland, Oregon, that integrates elements of New Age thought with Christianity and Jewish mystical traditions such as Kabbalah and Gematria. The organization was founded in 1969 as a church association by Grace Marama Uri and her husband, James Germain Uri. From its inception, the… Continue reading
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Church of Jesus Christ at Armageddon/Love Israel Family (1968)

The Love Israel Family, formally incorporated as The Church of Jesus Christ at Armageddon, was a communal religious movement founded in Seattle in 1968 by Paul Erdmann, a former television salesman. After founding the group, Erdmann adopted the name “Love Israel,” and many members took on the surname “Israel” along with biblical or virtue-based first… Continue reading
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Church of Israel (1972)

The Church of Israel is a Christian Identity-linked sect founded in 1972 by Dan Gayman. Originally called The Church of Our Christian Heritage, it arose from a schism within the Church of Christ (Temple Lot) and is now linked to white supremacist interpretations of theology, though Gayman has attempted to distance his church from Christian… Continue reading
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Church of God with Signs Following (1910)

The Church of God with Signs Following is a Christian snake-handling sect primarily located in the Appalachian region of the southeastern United States. The group is known for its literal interpretation of Mark 16:17-18, which it understands to command acts such as handling venomous snakes, drinking poison, and enduring fire as demonstrations of faith and… Continue reading